裝甲車水上轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)液壓擺動(dòng)油缸及液壓系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)
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- 00317-裝甲車水上轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)液壓擺動(dòng)油缸及液壓系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)-P.rar
摘 要
本設(shè)計(jì)主要是對(duì)水陸兩用的裝甲車在水中浮動(dòng)時(shí)的驅(qū)動(dòng)裝置進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì),采用液壓擺動(dòng)油缸能夠節(jié)省空間,減輕重量,借助于控制系統(tǒng),能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)其良好的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。在整個(gè)系統(tǒng)中,水門的工作性質(zhì)決定了對(duì)控制的當(dāng)前優(yōu)先性,在操作的時(shí)候主要是實(shí)現(xiàn)擺動(dòng)油缸的正反轉(zhuǎn)的問(wèn)題,通過(guò)對(duì)擺動(dòng)油缸的機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì),實(shí)現(xiàn)擺動(dòng)液壓油缸需要的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)角度。在油缸的結(jié)構(gòu)中,設(shè)計(jì)了兩塊葉片和兩個(gè)定位擋塊,通過(guò)定位擋塊的限位作用,保證葉片在0~90度的范圍內(nèi)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng),同時(shí)設(shè)計(jì)兩個(gè)葉片也有利于擺動(dòng)液壓油缸的內(nèi)部平衡。對(duì)于方案的可行性,通過(guò)一系列的計(jì)算驗(yàn)證是可行的,在現(xiàn)實(shí)中有一定的實(shí)際意義,能夠用于實(shí)際生產(chǎn)。
關(guān)鍵詞 擺動(dòng)液壓油缸;驅(qū)動(dòng)裝置;葉片;定位擋
Abstract
The thesis discusses the design of amphibious armored vehicles ' drive device,when is floating in the water.It can save space ,reduce weight when we use Hydraulic oscillating cylinder ,and achieve its good functioning by the use of control systerm.throughout the systerm,the work nature of the Watergate decides the current priorities,it mainly focuses on the rotating direction of the tank ,when is swinging in the operation.through the structure design of swinging tank,it can achieve rotation angle of Hydraulic oscillating cylinder,which is needed.In the structure of tank,I design two leaves and two located blocks,it can assure the leaves'rotation in the scope of 0-90°,and meanwhile the two design leaves are alconducive to swing cylinder's inte
For the feasibility of the program,we can use a series of calculation,which is proved to be feasible,and there are certain pratical significance too,which can be used for actual productio.
Keywords :Hydraulic oscillating cylinder,drive device,leaves,located block
目 錄
1.緒 論 1
1.1 課題的研究背景及發(fā)展?fàn)顩r..............................................................................1
1.2 兩棲裝甲車輛概述..............................................................................................1
1.2.1 兩棲裝甲車輛的問(wèn)世及發(fā)展概況............................................................2
1.2.2 兩棲裝甲車的結(jié)構(gòu)及戰(zhàn)技性能................................................................3
1.2.3 兩棲裝甲車的未來(lái)發(fā)展趨勢(shì)....................................................................5
1.3 水上轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)概述..............................................................................................5
1.4液壓擺動(dòng)油缸概況...............................................................................................6
1.5液壓系統(tǒng)概敘.......................................................................................................7
1.6液壓系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的基本要求:...............................................................................9
2.系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方案 10
2.1擺動(dòng)液壓缸的設(shè)計(jì)概況:.................................................................................10
2.2原設(shè)計(jì)方案相應(yīng)工作元件的性能特點(diǎn):.........................................................10
2.3設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù):.........................................................................................................13
2.4所設(shè)計(jì)的擺動(dòng)液壓油缸技術(shù)數(shù)據(jù).....................................................................13
3.油缸的整體設(shè)計(jì) 14
3.1缸體設(shè)計(jì).............................................................................................................14
3.1.1缸體端部聯(lián)接結(jié)構(gòu) 14
3.1.2 缸體的材料 14
3.1.3缸體的技術(shù)要求(附圖) 16
3.1.4 鑄造方法: 17
3.1.5 缸體的外觀視圖: 17
3.2缸蓋.....................................................................................................................17
3.2.1 缸蓋的材料 17
3.2.2 缸蓋的內(nèi)外側(cè)外觀視圖 17
3.2.3缸蓋的技術(shù)要求(取左端蓋設(shè)計(jì)如圖) 18
3.3軸與回轉(zhuǎn)葉片.....................................................................................................19
3.3.1設(shè)計(jì)方案的提出: 19
3.3.2設(shè)計(jì)方案一 19
3.3.3設(shè)計(jì)方案二 21
3.3.4對(duì)兩個(gè)方案的比較: 22
3.3.5方案二葉片軸外觀圖: 22
3.3.6關(guān)于液壓缸的軸與葉片等計(jì)算: 23
3.4止擋.....................................................................................................................24
3.4.1材料 24
3.4.2技術(shù)要求: 25
3.5支撐板.................................................................................................................25
3.5.1材料: 25
3.6螺紋聯(lián)接.............................................................................................................26
3.7鍵聯(lián)接.................................................................................................................27
3.8密封的設(shè)計(jì)與選用原則.....................................................................................27
3.8.1.基本要求: 28
3.8.2.影響密封性能的因素: 28
3.8.3.密封件的設(shè)計(jì)選用原則: 28
3.8.4密封件的設(shè)計(jì)選用 28
4.葉片軸的加工工藝規(guī)程 30
4.1機(jī)械加工工藝規(guī)程的作用.................................................................................30
4.2. 毛坯分析..........................................................................................................30
4.3定位基準(zhǔn)的選擇和加工順序的安排.................................................................30
4.4工藝過(guò)程分析.....................................................................................................31
4.5加工階段的劃分.................................................................................................31
4.6工序順序的安排及制造工藝過(guò)程.....................................................................32
5.液壓油路設(shè)計(jì) 34
6.基于AVR單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)控制的方法設(shè)計(jì) 35
6.1 控制系統(tǒng)的整體構(gòu)成......................................................................................35
6.2 系統(tǒng)的控制方法概敘......................................................................................36
6.3 由脈沖信號(hào)計(jì)算出發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速..................................................................36
6.3.1系統(tǒng)控制方案的設(shè)計(jì) 37
6.3.2數(shù)字濾波方法的選擇 37
6.4控制芯片的選擇和設(shè)計(jì).....................................................................................38
7.系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì) 39
7.1 硬件電路的設(shè)計(jì)................................................................................................39
7.1.1輸入電路設(shè)計(jì) 39
7.1.2輸出電路的設(shè)計(jì) 40
7.1.3單片機(jī)外圍電路的設(shè)計(jì) 40
7.1.4 電源模塊設(shè)計(jì) 40
7.1.5系統(tǒng)供電、上電復(fù)位和A/D轉(zhuǎn)換濾波電路的設(shè)計(jì) 41
7.1.6編程接口電路設(shè)計(jì) 42
7.1.7其他說(shuō)明 42
7.2 系統(tǒng)硬件可靠性設(shè)計(jì)........................................................................................43
7.2.1電路與集成芯片去耦 43
7.2.2電路兼容設(shè)計(jì) 43
7.3電路圖.................................................................................................................44
7.4系統(tǒng)PCB版設(shè)計(jì)采用.........................................................................................44
7.5 3D 實(shí)物圖..........................................................................................................45
8. 系統(tǒng)軟件的設(shè)計(jì) 46
8.1系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì)的概敘.........................................................................................46
8.1.1ATmega8 開(kāi)發(fā)平臺(tái) 47
8.1.2主程序設(shè)計(jì) 47
8.1.3查詢方式讀取ADC通道模塊 49
8.1.4算術(shù)平均濾波程序模塊設(shè)計(jì) 50
8.1.5測(cè)轉(zhuǎn)速脈沖周期程序模塊 52
8.1.6輸出程序模塊 53
參考文獻(xiàn) 55
結(jié) 論 56
致 謝 57
附 錄 58
計(jì)算機(jī)源程序清單#include <avr/io.h>..............................................................58 ...
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